Managerial Decision Making Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Managerial Decision Making - Research Paper Example PART 1 Formal research and business proposal are terminologies that bear commonalities and differences. While formal research is defined as conducting an experiment under proscribed conditions so as to find out, reveal or assess a hypothesis, business proposal is defined as the methodical collection of information with the objective of arriving at the most appropriate solution for a given problem or situation. Each one possesses its relevance and significance in the business scenery, while still they have characteristics that are distinct to each other. This paper will, therefore, seek to establish these attributes by establishing the commonalities and differences between the two terminologies. It will also establish the capabilities of one in disparity with the capabilities of the other. Later, it will explore the effects of human resources subcontracted on leadership performance and employee commitment. Commonalities The two terminologies, ‘formal research’ and ‘ business proposal’ have both commonalities and differences. One aspect present in a formal research is that it does not necessarily need presentation with a heading or subheadings. This feature is also present in a business proposal. Further, the two have an introduction and a conclusion. Whenever a business proposal is being written it is usually vital to carry out a formal research on the souk as it helps in determining the feasibility of the business (Dess, 2007, pp. 32-47). The two possess basic structural apparatus that describe them as a proposal manuscript, whose introduction part provides background information on the problem, whilst the problem report part clarifies the need to tackle them. Both business and research proposals have to be composed after prompting. Accordingly, all proposals are official and written replies to a call for proposals. Differences Although the terminologies bear similarities, they also possess differences in their general rationale, object ives, sections and functions. While formal research constitutes an academic nature, business proposal is more of practical oriented. While formal research bears no financial implications, business proposal possess financial implications as one of its main features. A business proposal is usually aimed at spotting a need that has to be dealt with so as to generate either financial reserves or greater proceeds, whilst financial implications are irrelevant in formal research. Further, formal research does not concern itself with generating conclusions that are feasible. Business proposal is projected for a vendor and usually spots the objected market and shows how custom results can be distributed to purchasers in such market. The objectives of the two vary as formal research concentrates on discovering definite information that may assist the business formulate good decisions while business proposals regularly recommend new products or services, meaning the aims are mainly to generate money for the company. Whereas the formal research proposals frequently contain a theoretical tactic, the business proposals mainly bear a practical strategy on how to operate so as to generate money. The formal research is frequently completed to establish if the business should formulate alterations such as budget modifications. Whereas the research proposal establishes the general demand for

Do Talking Gorillas and Signing Chimpanzees and Bonobos Have Rights Research Paper

Do Talking Gorillas and Signing Chimpanzees and Bonobos Have Rights and What Distinguishes Them from Human Rights - Research Paper Example First of all, human beings must realize the fact that the members of ape family are able to make a number of signs to express their desires and emotions. This is similar to the words and signs used by human beings for communication purpose. Bekoff (2010), states that â€Å"Some of the reports by ape language researchers suggest that nonhuman great apes may be remarkably creative in producing new signing combinations† (p.307). The research works based upon the sign language used by apes prove that they are special among the animals because they make use of signs as the medium of communication and are able to improve the same. On the other side, the chimpanzees and bonobos are able to use some symbols for the purpose of communication. Burling (2007) states that, â€Å"Several captive chimpanzees have gestured spontaneously in iconic or indexical ways to show their human companions what they want† (p.79). The research work based on chimpanzees in captivity proves that they make use of their sign language to communicate with human beings. This is important because chimpanzees make use of their verbal or nonverbal mode of communication to interact with human beings. ... Smith (2002) opines about a bonobo (Kanzi) that â€Å"It would appear that Kanzi in some sense has the faculty of language and, as he can indulge in pretend play, he may also be endorsed with a ‘Theory of Mind’† (p.83). One can see that bonobos make use of sign language as the mode of communication and some bonobos possess comparatively high intelligence. So, these animals are with high intelligence and ability to communicate and they have the individual right to be treated like human beings. Besides, these animals make use of signs to generalize certain objects to a wider context. For instance, the word ‘dog’ is used to signify dogs, not a particular dog. From a different angle of view, this habit of generalization is similar to the children who are not aware of the importance of grammar in communication. But these animals are unable to speak because their vocal cords are not similar to that of human beings. In short, one can see that similarity in i ntelligence between these animals and human beings prove that these animals have certain rights. If human beings possess individual rights, the members of ape family deserve the same. The scenario of human rights is limited to the context of certain rights assigned to human beings. Within this context, the most important right is the right to live. One can see that most of the human rights activists fight to defend this right. At the same time, some members of ape family are special and these animals must have certain rights. For instance, the apes that can use signs and symbols to communicate with each other and with human beings must be considered as similar to human beings. The members of ape family must not be considered as mere animals because their intelligence level